This summer, I had the opportunity to read The Culture Map by Erin Meyer. Since then, I have recommended this book to friends and colleagues. In the book, the author breaks down how and why behaviors differ across cultures around the world.
For example, the author looked at communication differences between cultures. In the U.S., communication style tends to be very direct. The author suggests our history as a relatively young country of immigrants (speaking different languages) is the driver of this characteristic. To cut through the early language barriers, speaking plainly in a direct style has become the easiest way to break down those barriers. This style has since persisted, despite the fact that English has become the predominant spoken language.
A cultural example from the author, whose communication style is different from the U.S. is Japan. She cites the historical backdrop that may have influenced this difference. During the Edo period (1603-1868), Japan had an isolationist policy of Sakoku. For over 200 years, Japanese citizens had virtually no contact with others outside of the country. Generation after generation spoke the same language and understood the same social norms resulting in an indirect communication style, meaning the message could get across without saying the words directly. Even in 2023, this indirect style of communication in Japan continues.
The book is broken down into eight spectrums of behavior across different cultures:
Communicating (direct or indirect)
Evaluating (direct or indirect feedback)
Persuading (principle or application-oriented)
Leading (egalitarian or hierarchical)
Deciding (consensual or top-down)
Trusting (task- or relationship-based)
Confrontation (direct or indirect)
Scheduling (linear or flexible time)
After reading this book, I possess a better understanding of different behaviors, knowing there may be a "why" behind a belief or action. While the book is primarily focused on international business dynamics, each viewpoint gave me a new perspective on cultural dynamics as well. I think others might enjoy this author’s take on the causes of cultural differences we see around the world.